SOUMEN’S
WORKOUT
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Help Control Your Diabetes With Exercise
People with diabetes are
encouraged to exercise regularly for better blood sugar control and to reduce
the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The reason for this is that muscles which
are working use more glucose than those that are resting.
Additional benefits of exercise
include a healthier heart, better
weight control and
stress management.
Exercise is the common term
used to describe any bodily activity that enhances or maintains physical
fitness and overall health and wellness.
Regular
exercise may help lower your blood sugar levels and reduce your risk of
diabetes-related complications.
Do you feel
like you're hitting a brick wall? You have been eating well and taking your
medicine or insulin as directed. But you can't seem to get your blood sugar
levels as low as your doctor wants. A crucial element may be missing from your
diabetes management plan: Exercise.
How exercise helps diabetes
If you have diabetes, your body either does not make enough
insulin or it can't use the insulin it makes. But when you exercise, your body
becomes more responsive to insulin. It takes less insulin to keep blood sugar
levels in the normal range. Exercise helps the body move sugar to where it's
supposed to go – the cells – instead of lingering in the blood.
Better blood sugar control does not end when the treadmill stops.
Your body reaps these health benefits during your workout and for several hours
after. Over time, exercise may help people with type 2 diabetes reverse their
resistance to insulin. This is because physical activity helps the cells better
respond to insulin.
The health benefits
Being physically active has many benefits. Because you have
diabetes, you're at greater risk for other complications in the long run. This
includes heart and kidney disease, and nerve and eye damage. Exercise may help
cut the risk of these diseases, too. Regular exercise leads to:
- Better blood sugar control
- Lower blood pressure and bad (LDL)
cholesterol
- Higher good (HDL) cholesterol
- Improved circulation
- Weight loss (if you are overweight)
- Reduced stress levels
- More energy
- Stronger heart, muscles and bones
Watch your blood sugar closely
People with diabetes need to be extra careful when they exercise.
Always test your blood sugar before you start your workout. Then test it again
during and after exercise. This will help you see what effect physical activity
has on your body.
Do not exercise if your blood sugar is too low or too high. Your
doctor can tell you the safe range of blood sugar levels for exercise. It is
very important to know safe blood sugar levels for exercise when you take
insulin or other diabetes medications.
Hypoglycemia. The more
active you are, the lower your blood glucose levels may drop. If these levels
drop too low, though, you can have a low blood sugar reaction (hypoglycemia).
Symptoms of hypoglycemia include:
- Feeling shaky
- Weakness
- Dizziness
- Irritability
Keep a healthy snack and other low blood sugar supplies nearby
during exercise. If you exercise for a long time at a high intensity, you may
need to eat a snack during your workout. Talk to your doctor about a hypoglycemia
prevention and treatment plan.
Hyperglycemia. You
should not exercise when your blood glucose levels are too high
(hyperglycemia). When you have high blood sugar, your body breaks down fat to
make up for the missing insulin. This process produces ketones, a dangerous
compound. You can become very sick when ketones build up in your blood. Doctors
often suggest checking for ketones if blood sugar is high. Do not exercise if
you are positive for ketones.
Tips to get started
- Check with your doctor before you
start any exercise program. Your doctor will evaluate you and offer safe
exercise options. You may have limited exercise choices if you have
certain diabetes complications. If you have nerve damage in your feet, for
example, your doctor may suggest swimming instead of walking.
- Start slow. Gradually increase the
amount of time and intensity of your workouts. Begin with five to 10
minutes at a time and work up to 30 minute sessions, most days of the
week.
- Find an activity you enjoy. Try
biking, dancing or hiking.
- Check your feet after each workout. If
you notice any sores or blisters, let your doctor know. Wear comfortable,
well-fitting shoes to reduce the risk of foot problems.
- Drink water before, during and after being active to prevent dehydration.
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